Nitrofurantoin 100mg is a prescription antibiotic primarily used to treat and prevent acute, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (UTIs). It concentrates specifically in the bladder and urine to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection.
Usage & Common Dosing
Your specific dosage depends on the formulation prescribed by your doctor:
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Macrobid (Monohydrate/Macrocrystals): Typically taken once every 12 hours (twice daily) for 5 to 7 days.
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Macrodantin (Macrocrystals): Typically taken every 6 hours (four times daily) for 7 days.
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Infection Prevention: A lower dose (often 50mg to 100mg) taken once daily at bedtime for long-term suppression.
Key Directions for Use
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Take with Food: Always take this medication with food or milk. This enhances absorption and significantly reduces stomach upset.
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Complete the Course: Finish the entire prescription exactly as directed, even if your symptoms disappear early. Stopping early can cause the infection to return and promote antibiotic resistance.
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Swallow Whole: Do not crush, chew, or break the tablets or capsules.
Common Side Effects
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Urine Discoloration: It is completely normal and harmless for your urine to turn a dark yellow or brown color while taking this drug.
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Stomach Upset: Mild nausea, vomiting, gas, or loss of appetite.
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Nervous System: Mild headaches or dizziness.
Important Precautions
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Kidney Function: This drug relies on working kidneys to concentrate it into the urine. It is generally not recommended for individuals with significant kidney disease.
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Pregnancy: Nitrofurantoin should be avoided at term (during the final weeks of pregnancy, weeks 38–42) due to risk to the baby.
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Immediate Medical Attention: Contact a doctor immediately if you experience signs of a severe allergic reaction (hives, difficulty breathing), severe persistent diarrhea, or rare lung problems (coughing, shortness of breath).
